تعداد نشریات | 20 |
تعداد شمارهها | 1,149 |
تعداد مقالات | 10,518 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,415,582 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 11,291,401 |
Gender Differences in the Relationship between Perceived Competence and Physical Activity in Middle School Students: Mediating Role of Enjoyment | ||
International Journal of School Health | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 7، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 25، تیر 2020، صفحه 14-20 اصل مقاله (328.33 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: Research Article (s) | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/intjsh.2020.85668.1056 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
Saeed Ghorbani* ؛ Saharnaz Nouhpisheh؛ Masoud Shakki | ||
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran | ||
چکیده | ||
Background: An important topic regarding school health is to investigate the factors affecting students’ participation in physical activity inside and outside of school. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived competence as one of the basic psychological needs and the physical activity of male and female middle school students inside and outside school, considering the role of enjoyment as a mediator variable. Gender differences were further examined. Methods: A descriptive-correlation method was employed in this study. Participants were 600 male and female middle school students from Aliabad Katoul, Golestan province, Iran in 2019. Research tools included Scrabis-Fletcher and Silverman’s Perceived Competence Survey, Enjoyment Questionnaire, and Physical Activity Scale. Structural equation method was used to examine the relationship between variables and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to find out the gender differences. Results: The results showed significant relationships between perceived competence and physical activity inside and outside school among boys (P=0.021 and p <0.001, respectively). However, in girls, enjoyment was more effective on the in-school and out-of-school physical activity (P=0.001 and P=0.003, respectively). In addition, boys reported higher perceived competence, more enjoyment, and more physical activity in comparison to girls (p <0.001). Conclusions: Perceived competence and enjoyment in physical education classes are correlated among boys. In girls, it seems that enjoyment is a more important factor than perceived competence. Physical educators should encourage the perceptions of the students regarding their abilities in physical education classes, in order to improve their participation in physical activities. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
Perceived competence؛ Enjoyment؛ Physical activity؛ Middle school | ||
مراجع | ||
1. Lahart I, Darcy P, Gidlow C, Calogiuri G. The Effects of Green Exercise on Physical and Mental Wellbeing: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(8). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081352. [PubMed: 30991724]. [PubMed Central: PMC6518264]. ## 2. Schwartz J, Rhodes R, Bredin SSD, Oh P, Warburton DER. Effectiveness of Approaches to Increase Physical Activity Behavior to Prevent Chronic Disease in Adults: A Brief Commentary. J Clin Med. 2019;8(3). doi: 10.3390/jcm8030295. [PubMed: 30832260]. [PubMed Central: PMC6462966]. ## 3. Malm C, Jakobsson J, Isaksson A. Physical Activity and Sports-Real Health Benefits: A Review with Insight into the Public Health of Sweden. Sports. 2019;7(5). doi: 10.3390/sports7050127. [PubMed: 31126126]. [PubMed Central: PMC6572041]. ## 4. Cid L, Pires A, Borrego C, Duarte-Mendes P, Teixeira DS, Moutão JM, et al. Motivational determinants of physical education grades and the intention to practice sport in the future. PLoS One. 2019;14(5):e0217218. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217218. [PubMed: 31120973]. [PubMed Central: PMC6592572]. ## 5. Huéscar Hernández E, Moreno-Murcia JA, Ruíz González L, León González J. Motivational Profiles of High School Physical Education Students: The Role of Controlling Teacher Behavior. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(10). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101714. [PubMed: 31100783]. [PubMed Central: PMC6571704]. ## 6. Branscum P, Fairchild G. Differences in determinants of aerobic and muscle strengthening physical activity among college students: a reasoned action approach. J Sports Sci. 2019;37(1):90-99. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1483179. [PubMed: 29944452]. ## 7. Vaquero Solís M, Sánchez-Miguel PA, Tapia Serrano MÁ, Pulido JJ, Iglesias Gallego D. Physical Activity as a Regulatory Variable between Adolescents’ Motivational Processes and Satisfaction with Life. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(15). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16152765. [PubMed: 31382465]. [PubMed Central: PMC6695711]. ## 8. Laroche M, Roussel P, Cury F, Boiché J. Understanding the dynamics of physical activity practice in the health context through Regulatory Focus and Self-Determination theories. PLoS One. 2019;14(8):e0216760. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216760. [PubMed: 31443106]. [PubMed Central: PMC6707789]. ## 9. Trigueros R, Aguilar-Parra JM, Cangas AJ, Fernández-Batanero JM, Álvarez JF. The Influence of the Social Context on Motivation towards the Practice of Physical Activity and the Intention to be Physically Active. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(21). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214212. [PubMed: 31671662]. [PubMed Central: PMC6862659]. ## 10. White RL, Parker PD, Lubans DR, MacMillan F, Olson R, Astell-Burt T, et al. Domain-specific physical activity and affective wellbeing among adolescents: an observational study of the moderating roles of autonomous and controlled motivation. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018;15(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s12966-018-0722-0. [PubMed: 30200980]. [PubMed Central: PMC6131748]. ## 11. Teixeira PJ, Carraça EV, Markland D, Silva MN, Ryan RM. Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9:78. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-78. [PubMed: 22726453]. [PubMed Central: PMC3441783]. ## 12. Sánchez-Oliva D, Mouratidis A, Leo FM, Chamorro JL, Pulido-González JJ, García-Calvo T. Understanding Physical Activity Intentions in Physical Education Context: A multi-level Analysis from the Self-Determination Theory. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(3). doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030799. [PubMed: 32012824]. [PubMed Central: PMC7036780]. ## 13. Kalajas-Tilga H, Koka A, Hein V, Tilga H, Raudsepp L. Motivational processes in physical education and objectively measured physical activity among adolescents. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2019;16(15). doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.06.001. ## 14. Knowles A, Wallhead TL, Readdy T. Exploring the synergy between sport education and in-school sport participation. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. 2018;37(2):113-122. doi: 10.1123/jtpe.2017-0123. ## 15. Overdorf V, Coker C, Kollia B. Perceived competence and physical activity in older adults. Activities, Adaptation & Aging. 2016;40(4):285-295. doi: 10.1080/01924788.2016.1199518. ## 16. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum Press; 1985. ## 17. Deci EL, Ryan RM. What and why of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry. 2000;11(4):227-268. doi: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1104-01. ## 18. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology. 2000;25(1):54-67. doi: 10.1006/ceps.1999.1020. ## 19. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Brick by brick: The origins, development, and future of self-determination theory. In: Elliot AJ, editors. Advances in motivation science. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier Inc; 2019. p. 111-156. ## 20. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Overview of self-determination theory: An organismic dialectical perspective. In: Deci EL, Ryan RM, editors. Handbook of self-determination research; 2002. p. 3-33. ## 21. Ryan RM, Bradshaw EL, Deci EL. A history of human motivation theories in psychology. In: Sternberg RJ, Pickren WE. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2019. p. 391-411. ## 22. Vansteenkiste M, Ryan RM, Soenens B. Basic psychological need theory: Advancements, critical themes, and future directions. Motivation and Emotion. 2020;44:1-31. doi: 10.1007/s11031-019-09818-1. ## 23. Kosma M, Cardinal BJ, Rintala P. Motivating individuals with disabilities to be physically active. Quest. 2002;54(2):116-132. doi: 10.1080/00336297.2002.10491770. ## 24. Morrison KM, Cairney J, Eisenmann J, Pfeiffer K, Gould D. Associations of Body Mass Index, Motor Performance, and Perceived Athletic Competence with Physical Activity in Normal Weight and Overweight Children. J Obes. 2018;2018:3598321. doi: 10.1155/2018/3598321. [PubMed: 29854437]. [PubMed Central: PMC5954868]. ## 25. Te Velde SJ, Lankhorst K, Zwinkels M, Verschuren O, Takken T, de Groot J, et al. Associations of sport participation with self-perception, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life among children and adolescents with a physical disability or chronic disease-a cross-sectional study. Sports Med Open. 2018;4(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s40798-018-0152-1. [PubMed: 30112621]. [PubMed Central: PMC6093823]. ## 26. Shen B, Centeio E, Garn A, Martin J, Kulik N, Somers C, et al. Parental social support, perceived competence and enjoyment in school physical activity. J Sport Health Sci. 2018;7(3):346-352. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.01.003. [PubMed: 30356633]. [PubMed Central: PMC6189254]. ## 27. Somerset S, Hoare DJ. Barriers to voluntary participation in sport for children: a systematic review. BMC Pediatr. 2018;18(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12887-018-1014-1. [PubMed: 29426310]. [PubMed Central: PMC5810190]. ## 28. Granero-Gallegos A, Ruiz-Montero PJ, Baena-Extremera A, Martínez-Molina M. Effects of Motivation, Basic Psychological Needs, and Teaching Competence on Disruptive Behaviours in Secondary School Physical Education Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(23). doi: 10.3390/ijerph16234828. [PubMed: 31805635]. [PubMed Central: PMC6926537]. ## 29. Huhtiniemi M, Sääkslahti A, Watt A, Jaakkola T. Associations among Basic Psychological Needs, Motivation and Enjoyment within Finnish Physical Education Students. J Sports Sci Med. 2019;18(2):239-247. [PubMed: 31191093]. [PubMed Central: PMC6544006]. ## 30. Haible S, Volk C, Demetriou Y, Höner O, Thiel A, Trautwein U, et al. Promotion of physical activity-related health competence in physical education: study protocol for the GEKOS cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):396. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6686-4. [PubMed: 30975111]. [PubMed Central: PMC6458821]. ## 31. Holt A, Smedegaard S, Pawlowski CS, Skovgaard T, Christiansen LB. Pupils’ experiences of autonomy, competence and relatedness in ‘Move for Well-being in Schools’: A physical activity intervention. European Physical Education Review. 2019;25(3):640–658. doi: 10.1177/1356336X18758353. ## 32. Weiss MR, Duncan SC. The relationship between physical competence and peer acceptance in the context of children’s sport participation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 1992;14(2):177-191. doi: https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.14.2.177. ## 33. Bois JE, Sarrazin PG, Brustad RJ, Trouilloud DO, Cury F. Mothers’ expectancies and young adolescents’ perceived physical competence: A yearlong study. Journal of Early Adolescence. 2002;22(4):384-406. doi: 10.1177/027243102237189. ## 34. Cairney J, Kwan MY, Velduizen S, Hay J, Bray SR, Faught BE. Gender, perceived competence and the enjoyment of physical education in children: A longitudinal examination. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9:26. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-26. [PubMed: 22394618]. [PubMed Central: PMC3310805]. ## 35. Fin G, Moreno-Murcia JA, León J, Baretta E, Nodari Júnior RJ. Teachers’ Interpersonal Style in Physical Education: Exploring Patterns of Students’ Self-Determined Motivation and Enjoyment of Physical Activity in a Longitudinal Study. Front Psychol. 2019;9:2721. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02721. [PubMed: 30687176]. [PubMed Central: PMC6335270]. ## 36. Leisterer S, Jekauc D. Students’ Emotional Experience in Physical Education-A Qualitative Study for New Theoretical Insights. Sports. 2019;7(1). doi: 10.3390/sports7010010. [PubMed: 30609809]. [PubMed Central: PMC6359272]. ## 37. Wigfield A, Wagner AL. Competence, motivation, and identity development during adolescence. In: Elliott A, Dweck C, editors, Handbook of competence and motivation. New York: Guilford Press; 2005. p. 222-239. ## 38. Scrabis-Fletcher K, Silverman S. Perception of competence in middle school physical education: Instrument development and validation. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2010;81(1):52-61. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2010.10599627. [PubMed: 20387398]. ## 39. McAuley E, Duncan T, Tammen VV. Psychometric properties of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory in a competitive sport setting: A confirmatory factor analysis. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1989;60(1):48-58. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1989.10607413. [PubMed: 2489825]. ## 40. Hashim HA, Grove JR, Whipp P. Testing a model of physical education enjoyment and physical activity among high school students. Journal of Research. 2008;3(2):95-99. ## | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,865 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,084 |