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Aghabeiglooei, Zahra, Saghebi, Roshanak, Rezaei Orimi, Jamal, Ghazizadeh, Bita, Mojahedi, Mortaza. (1405). Pharmacy in Persian Medicine: A Historical Analysis of Hakim Afzal’s Manafe’e Afzaliyya in the 17th Century AD. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(3), 231-252. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.104649.1253
Zahra Aghabeiglooei; Roshanak Saghebi; Jamal Rezaei Orimi; Bita Ghazizadeh; Mortaza Mojahedi. "Pharmacy in Persian Medicine: A Historical Analysis of Hakim Afzal’s Manafe’e Afzaliyya in the 17th Century AD". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15, 3, 1405, 231-252. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.104649.1253
Aghabeiglooei, Zahra, Saghebi, Roshanak, Rezaei Orimi, Jamal, Ghazizadeh, Bita, Mojahedi, Mortaza. (1405). 'Pharmacy in Persian Medicine: A Historical Analysis of Hakim Afzal’s Manafe’e Afzaliyya in the 17th Century AD', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(3), pp. 231-252. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.104649.1253
Aghabeiglooei, Zahra, Saghebi, Roshanak, Rezaei Orimi, Jamal, Ghazizadeh, Bita, Mojahedi, Mortaza. Pharmacy in Persian Medicine: A Historical Analysis of Hakim Afzal’s Manafe’e Afzaliyya in the 17th Century AD. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1405; 15(3): 231-252. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.104649.1253

Pharmacy in Persian Medicine: A Historical Analysis of Hakim Afzal’s Manafe’e Afzaliyya in the 17th Century AD

Journal of Research on History of Medicine
مقاله 5، دوره 15، شماره 3، آبان 2026، صفحه 231-252    اصل مقاله (1.44 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/rhm.2025.104649.1253
نویسندگان
Zahra Aghabeiglooei1، 2؛ Roshanak Saghebi3؛ Jamal Rezaei Orimi4؛ Bita Ghazizadeh3؛ Mortaza Mojahedi* 5، 6
1Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
3Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
4Student Research Committee, Faculty of Persian Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
5Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
6Mizaj Health Research Institute (MHRI), Tehran, Iran
چکیده
Persian Medicine (PM) is a traditional school of medicine with thousands of years of prolific history. One of the most important Persian medical books in the field of Pharmacy is “Manāfe’e Afzaliyya”. This research aims to conduct a comprehensive examination of pharmacy as described in Hakim Afzal’s Manāfe Afzaliyya. It is a descriptive-analytical study. Data were collected through library research and relevant primary sources, then systematically analyzed. The relationships among the research variables were examined, and the findings are presented herein. In this book, Hakim Afzal categorizes various drugs based on their origin and type and provides numerous clinical studies in the field of pharmacology. He elaborates on the tools and units of drug measurement and explains the methods of drug testing. He prescribes drugs based on bodily systems and emphasizes the influence of geography and climatic conditions on drugs, highlighting the importance of timing in successful pharmacology. The book “Manafe’e Afzaliyya” by Hakim Afzal is a valuable and reliable source in the field of pharmacy during the Safavid period, serving historical studies and contemporary research. 

تازه های تحقیق

Zahra Aghabeiglooei (Google Scholar) 
Mortaza Mojahedi (Google Scholar) 

کلیدواژه‌ها
Persian Medicine (PM)؛ Hakim Afzal؛ Manafe’e Afzaliyya؛ History of Pharmacy؛ Medical History؛ Traditional Medicine
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