Background: Divorce is recognized as the main factor contributing to the deterioration and collapse of the basic societal institution, the family, resulting in numerous negative social consequences. The study aimed to examine the correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-compassion with the influence of social adjustment in women who have experienced divorce.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational study focused on all divorced women under the care of the Welfare Organization of Alborz Province, Iran who have been divorced for at least one year in 2023-2024. A total number of 361 participants were selected using convenience sampling method. The Integrated Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS), Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS), Post-Divorce Adjustment Inventory (PDAI), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) were given to the participants. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS 4.1.0.9 software.
Results: Based on the findings of the study, Social Adaptation was positively and significantly correlated with Adjustment following divorce (β=0.035, P=0.006). Similarly, Mindfulness achieved through Social Adaptation showed a positive and significant association with adjustment after divorce (β=0.042, P=0.002). In addition, spiritual intelligence attained through social adaptation was found to have a positive and significant correlation with adjustment after divorce (β=0.064, P<0.001). Furthermore, self-judgment as a component of social adaptation exhibited a negative and significant correlation with adjustment after divorce (β=-0.049, P=0.002).
Conclusions: According to the results of the model fitting, all variables in various areas showed adequate levels of validity and reliability within the model. Additionally, the total impact of the model indicated significant correlations between spiritual intelligence, self-compassion, and social adjustment variables on post-divorce adjustment. The mediating impact of the social adjustment variable was also verified in this situation. |
- Ardeshirzadeh M, Bakhtiarpour S, Homaei R, Eftekhar Saadi Z. Correlationiveness of Compassion Therapy on Self-coherence, Post-divorce Adjustment and Negative Automatic Thoughts in Divorced Women. IJPN. 2021;8(6):62-71. Persian. ##
- Mostajeran M, Jazayeri R, Fatehizade M. The Effect of Integrated Compassion Focused Therapy and Emotion, Marital Conflict of Married Women. Journal of Family Counseling and Psychotherapy. 2022;11(2):263-302. doi: 10.22034/fcp.2022.62711. ##
- Eftekhari A. The prediction of divorce adjustment through emotional adjustment with emphasis on gender considerations. JCHR. 2021;10(3):185-194. doi: 10.18502/jchr.v10i3. ##
- Farajnia S, Belyad M, Hosseinian S, Hosseinzadeh Taghvaie M. Modeling marital compatibility based on communication patterns and the performance of marital correlations with the mediation of spiritual attitude. Applied Family Therapy Journal (AFTJ). 2023;4(2):258-278. doi: 10.61838/kman.aftj.4.2.16. Persian. ##
- Tabatabayi H, Karimi Afshar E, Kamyabi M. The Impact of Enriching Relationships on the Quality of Life and Mental Health of Couples Seeking Divorce in Judicial Centers. MCS. 2024;11(2):134-141. Persian. ##
- Nazemi Z, Sepahmansour M, Mohammadkhani P, Tagiloo S. Examining the Mediating Role of Self-compassion Between Communication Skills and Emotional Expression With the Empathy of Divorce Applicants. PCP. 2022;10(4):279-286. doi: 10.32598/jpcp.10.4.776.1. ##
- Shahin Veransfedrani Z, Mahdavian AR. Prediction of marital compatibility based on the components of spirituality and narcissism in partners living in Tehran. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2023;9(1):122-133. doi: 10.22037/jrrh.v9i1.34204. ##
- Abbaspour Z, Jahanbin F, Khojasteh Mehr R. The Effectiveness of "New Beginnings Program" on Parental Self-Efficacy of Divorced Mothers and their Children's Social Adjustment. Research in Clinical Psychology and Counseling. 2023;13(1):139-155. doi: 10.22067/tpccp.2023.76788.1291. Persian. ##
- Kathuria R. Study of Correlation of Spiritual Intelligence with Resilience, Adjustment and General Health of Divorced/Separated/Widowed Women. Journal of IMS Group. 2019;16(1):35-42. ##
- Siegel DJ. Toward an interpersonal neurobiology of the developing mind: Attachment correlations,“mindsight,” and neural integration. Infant Mental Health Journal. 2001;22(1‐2):67-94. doi: 10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22:13.0.CO;2-G. ##
- Fooladvand T, Shojaee R. Post-divorce adaptation training on cognitive flexibility and emotional regulation in women with a history of divorce in Isfahan city. BrandAfarin Monthly. 2023;4(45). Persian. ##
- Neff K. Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity. 2003;2(2):85-101. doi: 10.1080/15298860309032. ##
- Davarinejad O, Ghasemi A, Hall SS, Meyers LS, Shirzadifar M, Shirzadi M, et al. Give yourself a break: Self-compassion mediates insecure attachment and divorce maladjustment among Iranian women. Journal of Social and Personal Correlations. 2022;39(8):2340-65. doi: 10.1177/02654075221077971. ##
- Zarei S. The moderating Role of Self- Compassion in the Relationship between Depression Symptoms and Psychological Well-being in Widowed Women. Quarterly Journal of Women Social and Psychological Studies. 2021;19(2):93-118. doi: 10.22051/jwsps.2021.33777.2322. Persian. ##
- Emmons RA. Is spirituality an intelligence? Motivation, cognition, and the psychology of ultimate concern. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion. 2000;10(1):3-26. doi: 10.1207/S15327582IJPR1001_2. ##
- Abbaspour Z, Tavakhosh AM. The Effectiveness of Spiritual Intelligence Training on Mental Health in Older Men with COVID-19. Aging Psychology. 2024;10(2):129-143. doi: 10.22126/jap.2024.10102.1750. ##
- Bech P, Lunde M, Undén M. Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS): Psychometric analysis as outcome measure in the treatment of patients with major depression in the remission phase. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2002;6(3):141-6. doi: 10.1080/136515002760276063. PubMed PMID: 24945200. ##
- Farokhnezhad Afshar P, Foroughan M, Vedadhir A, Ghazi Tabatabaie M. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale in community-dwelling older adults. Clin Interv Aging. 2017;12:579-584. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S129407. PubMed PMID: 28392681; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5375635. ##
- Fisher B, Bierhaus J. Facilitator's manual for rebuilding when your correlation ends. Fisher Publishing Company; 1994. ##
- Ghadimi Azad R, Emami Sigaroudi A, Bostani Khalesi Z, Kazemnezhad Leiili E. Correlation between social exclusion and post-divorce adjustment in Iranian women. Health Educ Health Promot. 2021;9(1):73-78. ##
- Neff KD. The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity. 2003;2(3):223-250. doi: 10.1080/15298860309027. ##
- Azizi A, Mohammadkhani P, Foroughi AA, Lotfi S, Bahramkhani M. The Validity and Reliability of the Iranian Version of the Self-Compassion Scale. PCP. 2013;1(3):149-155. ##
- Rezaei S, Vahid LK, Asaseh M, Afrooz G, Shekarchi B. Structural Model of the Relationship between Resilience and Mental Health in Parents of Children with Cancer with the Mediating role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies. Journal of Assessment and Research in Applied Counseling (JARAC). 2023;5(4):125-135. doi: 10.61838/kman.jarac.5.4.14. ##
- Mansuri B, Hoseinifar J. The effectiveness of spiritual intelligence training on social adjustment, alexithymia and integrative self-knowledge in divorce students. Journal of School Psychology. 2020;9(3):234-58. doi: 10.22098/jsp.2020.1074. Persian. ##
- Ghasem Zadeh M, Motamedi A, Sohrabi F. The correlationiveness of Compassion Focused Therapy on improving social adjustment and Forgiveness in divorced women. Women's studies. 2019;10(27):117-139. doi: 10.30465/ws.2019.4041. Persian. ##
- Pedro L, Branquinho M, Canavarro MC, Fonseca A. Self-criticism, negative automatic thoughts and postpartum depressive symptoms: the buffering effect of self-compassion. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2019;37(5):539-553. doi: 10.1080/02646838.2019.1597969. PubMed PMID: 30947526. ##
|
