LinkedIn

 آمار

تعداد نشریات20
تعداد شماره‌ها1,113
تعداد مقالات10,208
تعداد مشاهده مقاله40,771,411
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله8,800,557
Itodo, Unekwu. (1402). History of Blackwater Fever in Northern Nigeria from 1900-1918. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12(4), 269-280.
Unekwu Friday Itodo. "History of Blackwater Fever in Northern Nigeria from 1900-1918". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12, 4, 1402, 269-280.
Itodo, Unekwu. (1402). 'History of Blackwater Fever in Northern Nigeria from 1900-1918', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 12(4), pp. 269-280.
Itodo, Unekwu. History of Blackwater Fever in Northern Nigeria from 1900-1918. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1402; 12(4): 269-280.

History of Blackwater Fever in Northern Nigeria from 1900-1918

Journal of Research on History of Medicine
دوره 12، شماره 4، بهمن 2023، صفحه 269-280    اصل مقاله (895.89 K)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
نویسنده
Unekwu Friday Itodo*
Instructor, History and International Studies Department, Prince abubakar audu University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
چکیده
This paper examines the history of blackwater fever in northern Nigeria from 1900 to 1918, a period that coincided with the establishment of modern health services. It will examine the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of blackwater fever in northern Nigeria, as well as the social, economic, and political impacts of the disease on the colonial government. The paper will use both primary and secondary sources, such as archival records, medical reports, newspapers, journals, and books, to construct a comprehensive and critical narrative of the history of blackwater fever in northern Nigeria. It will also use a historical framework that considers the political economy of colonialism. The paper will argue that the history of blackwater fever in northern Nigeria reveals the double standard in British health policy in Africa. The paper will conclude by arguing that the history of blackwater fever in northern Nigeria provides a valuable case study of the double standard in British health policy in Africa. The British government was willing to invest in the health of its own citizens, but it was not willing to do the same for the Africans under its rule. This double standard had a profound impact on the health of the African population.

تازه های تحقیق

Unekwu Friday Itodo (Google Scholar)

کلیدواژه‌ها
Blackwater Fever؛ Colonialism؛ Health؛ Northern Nigeria
مراجع
  1. Africa and Europe (1800-1914), n.d. BBC, Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/11generic1.shtml [Accessed 10 May 2022].
  2. Apata, Z.O., 2011. British Administrative Changes and Reorganization in Northern Nigeria 1897-1937: With Specific Reference to Northeast Yorubaland. Ibadan: Crest Hill publishers.
  3. Archibald, H.M., 1956. Malaria in South-Western and North-Western Nigerian Communities. Bull Wld Hlth Org, 15, pp. 695-709. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/265743/PMC2538261.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y [Accessed 20 March 2023]
  4. Bolt, J., 2023. The Partitioning of Africa. In: Frankema, E., Hillbom, E., Kufakurinani, U., and Meier zu Selhausen, F., (Eds.). The History of African Development. A Textbook for a New Generation of African Students and Teachers. African Economic History Network. Available from: www.aehnetwork.org/textbook/ [Accessed 12 July 2023]
  5. Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia 2022. Blackwater Fever. Encyclopedia Britannica. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/science/blackwater-fever  [Accessed 13 May 2023]
  6. Bruce-Chwatt, L.J., 1987. Quinine and the mystery of blackwater fever. Acta Leiden, 55, pp. 181-96. PMID: 3321835.
  7. Bruneel, F., Gachot, B., Wolff, M., Régnier, B., Danis, M., and Vachon, F., 2001. Resurgence of blackwater fever in long-term European expatriates in Africa: report of 21 cases and review. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 32(8), pp. 1133-1140. doi: 10.1086/319743
  8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018. History of 1918 Flu Pandemic. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-commemoration/1918-pandemic-history.htm. [Accessed 13 May 2023]
  9. Christianity and Islam under Colonialism in Northern Nigeria, 1988. Nigeria: Institute of Church and Society. Available from: http://socialtheology.com/docs/christianity-islam-colonialism-000088.pdf. [Accessed 10 May 2023]
  10. Collins, R., and Burns, J., 2013. European colonial rule in Africa. In: A History of Sub-Saharan Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139795333.024
  11. De Jong, S.E., Van Unen, V., Manurung, M.D., Stam, K.A., Goeman, J.J., Jochems, S.P., et al., 2021. Systems analysis and controlled malaria infection in Europeans and Africans elucidate naturally acquired immunity. Nat Immunol, 22, pp. 654–665. doi.org/10.1038/s41590-021-00911-7
  12. Fagan, J.P., 1908. Annual report of public health of northern Nigeria, with meteorological report for the year 1907. SNP 7/1287/1908. Kaduna: National Archive Kaduna.
  13. Falola, T.O., Kirk-Greene, A.H.M., Udo, R.K., and Ajayi, J.F.A., 2023. Nigeria. Encyclopedia Britannica, Available at: https://www.britannica.com/place/Nigeria [Accessed 12 July 2023] George, C.R., 2009. Blackwater fever: the rise and fall of an exotic disease. J Nephrol, 22(Suppl 14), pp. 120-128. PMID: 20013744.
  14. Goss, A., 2014. Building the world’s supply of quinine: Dutch colonialism and the origins of a global pharmaceutical industry. Endevour, 38(1), pp. 8-18. doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2013.10.002
  15. Huggan, P.J., Ng, C.H., Ho, J., Valentine Lin, R.T.P., and Chavatte, J.M. , 2018. A case of blackwater fever with persistent Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia detected by PCR after artemether–lumefantrine treatment. Malar J, 17, 35. doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2180-1
  16. Isiani, M.C., and Obi-Ani, N., 2019. Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Protectorates of Nigeria: Blessing or Curse. Researchgate. IKORO, 13, pp. 145-158. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication /336901133_AMALGAMATION_OF_NORTHERN_AND_SOUTHERN_PROTECTORATES_OF_NIGERIA_BLESSING_OR_CURSE. [Accessed 10 May 2023]
  17. Katongole-Mbidde, E., Banura, C., and Kizito, A., 1988. Blackwater fever caused by Plasmodium vivax infection in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 296(6625), p. 827. doi:10.1136/bmj.296.6625.827.
  18. Kruse, K.M., 2005. Blackwater Fever and the British Colonial State in Northern Nigeria, 1900-1920. Int J of African Historical Studies, 38(3), pp. 447-472.
  19. Lokoja, 2022. In: Arabic Literature of Africa Online. General Editor John O. Hunwick, R.S. O’Fahey. Availabale from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405-4453_alao_COM_ALA_20009_5 [Accessed 13 May 2023]
  20. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), 1912. Northern Nigeria annual medical report for the year ending 1912. Available from: https://wellcomecollection.org/works/p9g86fkq [Accessed 10 June 2023]
  21. Madhuri, M., Elavarasan, K., Benjamin, V., Sridhar, M., Natarajan, S., and Chiranjeevi, V., 2018. Falciparum malaria complicated by black water fever. J of Clinical and Scientific Research, 7, pp. 187-188. doi:10.4103/JCSR.JCSR_14_19.
  22. Mason, M., 1974. Blackwater Fever in Northern Nigeria, 1900-1920. J of African History, 15(4), pp. 567-586.
  23. McKenna, A., 2020. Lokoja, Location, History, Facts, & Population. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Lokoja.
  24. National Archive Kaduna (NAK). 1904. Medical report of northern Nigeria for the 1903. SNP 7. 1029. Kaduna: National Archive Kaduna.
  25. National Archive Kaduna (NAK), 1908. Annual medical report, 1907. SNP 7/1287/1908. Kaduna: National Archive Kaduna.
  26. National Archive Kaduna (NAK), 1915. Northern Nigeria Medical Report 1915. SNP 7. Kaduna: National Archive Kaduna.
  27. Rockel, S., 2004. The Impact of Blackwater Fever on the Colonial Economy of Northern Nigeria. J of Imperial and Commonwealth Hist, 32(2), pp. 223-246.
  28. Seamens Hospital Society, 1923. Northern Nigeria Annual Medical and Sanitary Report for the Year Ending 31st December 1918. Tropical Disease Library. Available from: https://wellcomecollection.org/works/b4xjjera [Accessed 17 May 2023]
  29. Snow, R.W., Amratia, P., Kabaria, C.W., Noor, A.M., Marsh, K., Rollinson, D., and Hay, S.I., 2012. The Changing Limits and Incidence of Malaria in Africa: 1939–2009. In: Advances in Parasitology. Vol. 78. London, UK: Academic Press. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-394303-3.00010-4.
  30. Sunseri, T., 2016. Blood Trials: Transfusions, Injections, and Experiments in Africa, 1890-1920. J of the Hist of Med and Allied Sci, 71(3), pp. 293-321.
  31. Turaki, Y., 2010. Tainted Legacy: Islam, Colonialism and Slavery in Northern Nigeria. McLean, Virginia: Isaac Publishing.
  32. Upward, A., 1903. The Province of Kabba,Northern Nigeria. African Affairs, 2(7), pp. 235–260. doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a093205.
  33. Yohanna, S., 2022. Imperial Citizens or Economic Nationalists? An Analysis of Colonially Restructured Northern Nigerian Economy in the 1940s. In: Oloruntoba, S.O. (eds). The Political Economy of Colonialism and Nation-Building in Nigeria. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73875-4_4
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 758
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 523


سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب