| In the present research, we reported an acute myeloid leukemia subject. The patient was treated with Cytarabine 200 mg/m2 per day with continuous IV infusion on days 1, 2, 3, 4, Etoposide 100 mg/m2 per day with continuous IV infusion on days 1, 2, 3, 4, Idarubicin 12 mg/m2 as a 4-hour IV infusion on days 2, 4, 6, and Mitoxantrone 10 mg/m2 as a 30-minute IV infusion on days 1, 2, 3. During treatment, the patient suffered from 3 life-threatening complications caused by chemotherapy drugs include sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), refractory thrombocytopenia, and pericardial effusion with pericardiocentesis limitation. To this end, we tried three novel approaches for patient management by Corticosteroid and Colchicine. Intravenous immunoglobulin infusion and oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg/d) were not effective in thrombocytopenia. However, eltrombopag (25 mg/kg/d) response was dramatic. Moreover, pericardial effusion and respiratory distress during the first chemotherapy course were managed with Lasix (2 mg/kg/d) and Spironolactone (25 mg/d); meanwhile, the massive pericardial effusion during the second chemotherapy course was managed with Colchicine (0.5 mg/d) through the mentioned treatment. Fortunately, these approaches were effective and life-saving. |
- Hijiya N, Ness KK, Ribeiro RC, Hudson MM. Acute leukemia as a secondary malignancy in children and adolescents: current findings and issues. Cancer 2009; 115(1):23-35. doi: 10.1002/cncr.23988.
- Maksimovic N, Zaric M, Gazibara T, Trajkovic G, Maric G, Miljus D, et al. Incidence and mortality patterns of acute myeloid leukemia in Belgrade, Serbia (1999⁻2013). Medicina (Kaunas). 2018;54(1):5. doi: 10.3390/medicina54010005.
- Masoumi-Dehshiri R, Hashemi A, Neamatzadeh H, Zare-Zardeini H. A case report: Acute myeloid leukemia (FAB M7). Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol. 2014;4(4):188-90.
- Carr R, Hutton JL, Jenkins JA, Lucas GF, Amphlett NW. Transfusion of ABO-mismatched platelets leads to early platelet refractoriness. Br J Haematol 1990;75(3):408-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1990.tb04356.x.
- Cid J, Magnano L, Acosta M, Alba C, Esteve J, Lozano M. Rituximab, plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulins as a new treatment strategy for severe HLA alloimmune platelet refractoriness. Platelets 2015;26(2):190-4. doi: 10.3109/09537104.2014.895922.
- Afdhal NH, Giannini EG, Tayyab G, Mohsin A, Lee JW, Andriulli A, et al. Eltrombopag before procedures in patients with cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(8):716-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1110709.
- Fu H, Zhang X, Han T, Mo X, Wang Y, Chen H, et al. Eltrombopag is an effective and safe therapy for refractory thrombocytopenia after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2019;54(8):1310-8. doi: 10.1038/s41409-019-0435-2.
- Mittelman M, Assouline S, Briasoulis E, Alonso A, Delgado RG, O'Gorman P, et al. Eltrombopag treatment of thrombocytopenia in advanced myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia: Results of the 8-week open-label part of an ongoing study. Blood.2012;120(21):3822. doi: 10.1182/blood.V120.21.3822.3822.
- Duong VH, Al Ali N, Zhang L, Padron E, Sallman D, Lancet JE, et al. A sequential two-stage dose escalation study of eltrombopag in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and thrombocytopenia after hypomethylating agent failure. Leuk Lymphoma. 2020;61(8):1901-7. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1751841.
- Gao Y, Gong M, Zhang C, Kong X, Ma Y. Successful eltrombopag treatment of severe refractory thrombocytopenia in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: Two cases reports: A CARE-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(43):e8337. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008337.
- Visco C, Rodeghiero F, Romano A, Valeri F, Merli M, Quaresimini G, et al. Eltrombopag for immune thrombocytopenia secondary to chronic lymphoproliferative disorders: a phase 2 multicenter study. Blood. 2019;134(20):1708-11. doi: 10.1182/blood.2019001617.
- Mukherjee S, Elson P, Bogati S, Woltman A, Desamito J, Gerds A, et al. A single-arm, phase II study of eltrombopag to enhance platelet count recovery in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia undergoing remission induction therapy. Blood.2016;128(22):447. doi:10.1182/blood.V128.22.447.447.
- Frey N, Jang JH, Szer J, Illés Á, Kim HJ, Ram R, et al. Eltrombopag treatment during induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 study. Lancet Haematol. 2019;6(3):e122-e131. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(18)30231-X.
- Stevenson HL, Prats MM, Sasatomi E. Chemotherapy-induced Sinusoidal Injury (CSI) score: a novel histologic assessment of chemotherapy-related hepatic sinusoidal injury in patients with colorectal liver metastasis. BMC Cancer. 2017;17(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2998-2.
- Chen IL, Yang SN, Hsiao CC, Wu KS, Sheen JM. Treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone for hepatic veno-occlusive disease in a child with rhabdomyosarcoma. Pediatr Neonatol. 2008;49(4):141-4. doi: 10.1016/S1875-9572(08)60029-7.
- Imazio M, Belli R, Brucato A, Cemin R, Ferrua S, Beqaraj F, et al. Efficacy and safety of colchicine for treatment of multiple recurrences of pericarditis (CORP-2): a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. Lancet. 2014;383(9936):2232-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62709-9.
- Lutz A, Schelbert EB, Lontos K, Rossetti J, Katz W. Acute myeloid leukemia presenting as effusive constrictive pericarditis. CASE (Phila). 2019;4(2):97-102. doi: 10.1016/j.case.2019.09.002.
- Nakanuma S, Miyashita T, Hayashi H, Tajima H, Takamura H, Tsukada T, et al. Extravasated platelet aggregation in liver zone 3 may correlate with the progression of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome following living donor liver transplantation: A case report. Exp Ther Med. 2015;9(4):1119-24. doi: 10.3892/etm.2015.2245.
- Shah B, Allen N, Harchandani B, Pillinger M, Katz S, Sedlis SP, et al. Effect of colchicine on platelet-platelet and platelet-leukocyte interactions: a pilot study in healthy subjects. Inflammation. 2016;39(1):182-9. doi: 10.1007/s10753-015-0237-7. Erratum in: Inflammation. 2016;39(1):501.
|
