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Alizadeh Vaghasloo, Mahdi, Ghanbaryan, Leila, Fadaei, Fatemeh, Shirzad, Meysam, Nejatbakhsh, Fatemeh, Tabarrai, Malihe. (1405). The Concept of the Humoral Theory in Persian Medicine. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(2), 89-102. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2024.103338.1229
Mahdi Alizadeh Vaghasloo; Leila Ghanbaryan; Fatemeh Fadaei; Meysam Shirzad; Fatemeh Nejatbakhsh; Malihe Tabarrai. "The Concept of the Humoral Theory in Persian Medicine". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15, 2, 1405, 89-102. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2024.103338.1229
Alizadeh Vaghasloo, Mahdi, Ghanbaryan, Leila, Fadaei, Fatemeh, Shirzad, Meysam, Nejatbakhsh, Fatemeh, Tabarrai, Malihe. (1405). 'The Concept of the Humoral Theory in Persian Medicine', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(2), pp. 89-102. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2024.103338.1229
Alizadeh Vaghasloo, Mahdi, Ghanbaryan, Leila, Fadaei, Fatemeh, Shirzad, Meysam, Nejatbakhsh, Fatemeh, Tabarrai, Malihe. The Concept of the Humoral Theory in Persian Medicine. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1405; 15(2): 89-102. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2024.103338.1229

The Concept of the Humoral Theory in Persian Medicine

Journal of Research on History of Medicine
دوره 15، شماره 2، مرداد 2026، صفحه 89-102    اصل مقاله (1.02 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/rhm.2024.103338.1229
نویسندگان
Mahdi Alizadeh Vaghasloo1، 2، 3؛ Leila Ghanbaryan1؛ Fatemeh Fadaei1؛ Meysam Shirzad1، 2؛ Fatemeh Nejatbakhsh1، 4؛ Malihe Tabarrai* 1
1Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2Persian Medicine Network (PMN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
3Canadian Association of Persian Medicine, Montreal, Canada
4Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده
The humoral theory, as a cornerstone of traditional Unani, Chinese, and Persian medical systems, plays a fundamental role in maintaining health. According to this framework, any excess or deficiency in the body fluids disrupts the body’s balance and triggers disease. This fundamental understanding underscores the pivotal role of the humoral theory in health and disease. Each humor—, be it sanguis, yellow bile, phlegm, or black bile—possesses distinct qualities, characteristics, properties, and consequences. A comprehensive study of these humors was conducted based on traditional resources to ensure the credibility and depth of our research. We reviewed the main textbooks of Persian Medicine (PM), including Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine, and searched the databases including Web of Science, Medline, and Scopus from inception to December 31, 2022, to examine the perspectives of contemporary researchers in this regard. Currently, the closest modern scientific concept to humors is that of molecules, although not all molecules correspond to the traditional definitions of humors. However, the potential applications of the humoral theory in modern integrative medicine are extensive and intriguing. Understanding the humoral theory can provide a unique perspective on health and disease, opening new avenues for research and practice in the global shift toward integrative medicine. 
The biomolecular and biochemical examples of normal and abnormal humors discussed in Persian Medicine (PM) literature remain unknown. However, many hypotheses can be proposed to open new frontiers in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases based on the described characteristics, properties, and consequences of humors. Emerging research in PM over the past two decades supports this claim.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Humoral theory؛ Persian Medicine؛ Traditional Medicine؛ Integrative Medicine؛ Temperament
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