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Ateeque Ahmed, Sana Kauser, Ansari, Tasfiya, Ahmed, Osama, Taiyabi, Shabistan, Ansari, Khursid. (1378). Classification of Cranial Nerves from Galen to Soemmering, Focusing on the Contributions of Persian/Unani Scholars. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, (), -. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.106056.1293
Sana Kauser Ateeque Ahmed; Tasfiya Hakeem Ansari; Osama Riyaz Ahmed; Shabistan Fatma Taiyabi; Khursid Alam Ansari. "Classification of Cranial Nerves from Galen to Soemmering, Focusing on the Contributions of Persian/Unani Scholars". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, , , 1378, -. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.106056.1293
Ateeque Ahmed, Sana Kauser, Ansari, Tasfiya, Ahmed, Osama, Taiyabi, Shabistan, Ansari, Khursid. (1378). 'Classification of Cranial Nerves from Galen to Soemmering, Focusing on the Contributions of Persian/Unani Scholars', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, (), pp. -. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.106056.1293
Ateeque Ahmed, Sana Kauser, Ansari, Tasfiya, Ahmed, Osama, Taiyabi, Shabistan, Ansari, Khursid. Classification of Cranial Nerves from Galen to Soemmering, Focusing on the Contributions of Persian/Unani Scholars. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1378; (): -. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.106056.1293

Classification of Cranial Nerves from Galen to Soemmering, Focusing on the Contributions of Persian/Unani Scholars

Journal of Research on History of Medicine
مقالات آماده انتشار، اصلاح شده برای چاپ، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 10 آذر 1378    اصل مقاله (1.79 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/rhm.2025.106056.1293
نویسندگان
Sana Kauser Ateeque Ahmed* 1؛ Tasfiya Hakeem Ansari2؛ Osama Riyaz Ahmed3؛ Shabistan Fatma Taiyabi4؛ Khursid Alam Ansari5
1Assistant Professor, Department of Mahiyatul Amraz (Pathology), Mohammadia Tibbia College & Assayer Hospital, Malegaon, Maharashtra, India
2Lecturer, Department of Mahiyatul Amraz (Pathology), National Institute of Unani Medicine Bengaluru, India
3Assistant Professor, Royal College of Pharmacy, Malegaon, Maharashtra, India
4Medical Officer, Government Tibbi College Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
5Ayush Doctor, Primary Health Centre, Patedhi Belsar, Vaishali, Bihar, India
چکیده
The evolution of neuroanatomy has been profoundly shaped by the contributions of medical intelligentsia across civilizations. The chronology of the identification and nomenclature of the human cranial nerves reflects a continuum of inquiry spanning antiquity to the modern era. This article examines the anatomical descriptions of cranial nerves through the lens of ancient, medieval, and early modern medical scholarship. Special focus is given to the contributions of Persian and Unani scholars, whose meticulous observations often parallel contemporary neuroanatomical findings. While certain differences exist—particularly in the enumeration and trajectories of cranial nerves—the foundational insights of these scholars remain remarkably prescient. This review draws upon graphic and textual sources from influential figures, such as Galen, Rhazes, Tabari, Haly Abbas, Avicenna, Ismail Gorgani, and Soemmerring. These works, especially from the medieval period, served as vital conduits in preserving and advancing anatomical knowledge. By mapping the progression of ideas and anatomical detail, this study highlights the significant yet often underrecognized role of Islamic Golden Age scholars in shaping modern neuroanatomy. The compiled evidence underscores the enduring relevance of classical texts in tracing the historical development of cranial and spinal nerve anatomy.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Cranial Nerve؛ History of Nerves؛ Unani/Persian Medicine؛ Neuroscience in Unani؛ Neuroscience in Persia؛ Neuroanatomy
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