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Socioeconomic and Geographical Analysis on Antenatal Care Visits in Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study | ||
| International Journal of Community Based Nursing & Midwifery | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 09 خرداد 1405 | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/ijcbnm.2026.106865.2797 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Tety Rachmawati* 1، 2؛ Stefanus Supriyanto3؛ Dede Anwar Musadad4؛ Hari Basuki Notobroto3؛ Yunita Fitriani4؛ Indah Pawitaningtyas4؛ Arief Priyo Nugroho4؛ Sri Handayani4؛ Zainul Khaqiqi Nantabah5؛ Diyan Ermawan Effendi4 | ||
| 1Doctoral Program of Faculty of Public Health, University of Airlangga, Indonesia; | ||
| 2Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong Science; Center, Indonesia; | ||
| 3Faculty of Public Health, University of Airlangga, Kampus C Unair, Indonesia; | ||
| 4Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong Science Center, Indonesia; | ||
| 5Directorate of Laboratory Management, Research Facilities, and Science and Technology Park, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is crucial for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality by detecting and managing pregnancy complications. In Indonesia, a policy mandating at least six ANC visits (K6) per pregnancy has been introduced, yet factors influencing adequate ANC under this new policy remain unevaluated. This study examines the national and sub-national prevalence of adequate ANC visits as well as its associated geographic and socioeconomic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, which included 70,916 women of reproductive age. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of ANC adequacy, such as age, education, marital status, health insurance, employment, urbanicity, economic status, and travel time to healthcare facilities. The data were analyzed through SPSS version 23 using descriptive statistics, chi square test, and multiple logistic regression. Final regression model was based on significant predictors only with calculated adjusted odd ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The national prevalence of adequate ANC visits was 38.65%. However, a significant disparity was observed between provinces, with eastern areas showing much lower prevalence than provinces in western Indonesia. ANC adequacy was highest among women aged 25–29 and lowest among those under 20. Higher education (aOR=1.45, P<0.001), combined health insurance (aOR=2.84, P<0.001), employment (aOR=1.07, P<0.001), urban residence (aOR=1.24, P<0.001), and higher economic status (aOR=1.60, P<0.001) were positively associated with ANC adequacy. Conversely, being divorced (aOR=0.76, P<0.001) and widowed (aOR=0.74, P=0.004), and longer travel times to primary healthcare center negatively affected compliance (aOR=0.68, P<0.001). Conclusion: Addressing geographic and socioeconomic barriers through improved healthcare infrastructure, transportation support, and expanded insurance coverage is essential for increasing ANC utilization and improving maternal health in Indonesia. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Antenatal care؛ Healthcare disparities؛ Maternal health؛ Pregnancy | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 6 |
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