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The Role of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Colorectal Cancer: Correlation, Molecular Mechanisms, and Probiotic Potential | ||
| Iranian Journal of Colorectal Research | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 4، اسفند 2025 اصل مقاله (1.69 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Review Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/acrr.2026.108544.1264 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Reza Nori1؛ Parvin Shariati* 2 | ||
| 1Department of Systems Biotechnology, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The gut microbiome is an extensive and vital community of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract which is crucial for human health as it creates beneficial compounds, aiding fiber digestion, and enhancing the immune system. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer‑related death worldwide. This review aims to examine the link between gut microbiome imbalance (dysbiosis) and CRC using epidemiological data and molecular mechanisms, emphasizing the significance of probiotic-based therapy as a potential means of prevention and treatment. Probiotics have the ability to intervene by restoring microbial equilibrium, reducing inflammation, and producing anti-tumor compounds. To collect information, we used PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Embase, which provided access to a wide range of peer-reviewed articles, case-control studies, and cohort studies essential for a comprehensive analysis of the topic. In this review, key differences in microbiome composition between healthy individuals and patients with CRC have been observed, including a decrease in beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in carcinogenic bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum. The molecular mechanisms through which dysbiosis accelerates carcinogenic process include the production of harmful metabolites, induction of chronic inflammation, and modulation of the host immune system. Beneficial microorganisms known as probiotics have been proposed as a promising therapeutic option. In conclusion, probiotics can prevent and treat CRC through various mechanisms, such as boosting the immune system, competing with pathogenic bacteria, and producing anticancer compounds including butyrate. However, challenges remain in this field, including high variability across studies, a lack of long-term investigations, and the need to determine optimal dose and strain for each individual. To overcome these obstacles, future research should move towards more comprehensive studies and personalized treatments. | ||
تازه های تحقیق | ||
Reza Nori (Google Scholar) Parvin Shariati (Google Scholar) | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Microbiome؛ Personalized medicine؛ Dysbiosis؛ Colorectal cancer؛ Probiotics | ||
| مراجع | ||
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