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The Relationship between Serum Interleukin-38 Levels and the Severity of Coronary Artery Calcification: A Cross-Sectional Study | ||
| Iranian Journal of Immunology | ||
| دوره 23، شماره 1، خرداد 2026، صفحه 7-7 | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/iji.2026.109116.3122 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Mahsa Rostami1؛ Mansour Moazenzadeh1؛ Abdollah Jafarzadeh2؛ Ahmad Shakeri3؛ Parya Jangipour Afshar4؛ Nazanin Zeinali4؛ Hamidreza Rashidinejad* 1 | ||
| 1Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Immunology, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. | ||
| 3Department of Cardiac CT Angiography, Razie Firooz Hospital, Kerman, Iran. | ||
| 4Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory, immune-mediated disease that is a leading cause of global mortality and disability. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a key predictor of the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Interleukin-38 (IL-38), a newly identified anti-inflammatory cytokine, may modulate inflammation and prevent atherosclerosis progression. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum IL-38 levels and CAC severity among patients referred to the CT angiography unit at Razieh Firooz Hospital in Kerman City. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 151 patients aged 50–70 years were evaluated. The mean age of the participants was 60.1 ± 6.9 years. CAC severity was determined using the Agatston scoring method and multi-detector CT scanners. Serum IL-38 levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analyses were performed using an independent T-test and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Comparing serum IL-38 levels across CAC severity categories showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.039). Mean serum IL-38 in patients with non-severe and severe calcification were 16.8 ± 5.5 pg/mL and 19.4 ± 4.9 pg/mL, respectively. However, in the multivariable regression analysis, adjusted for major risk factors including sex, age, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking, the association between serum IL-38 levels and CAC severity was not significant (P>0.05). In subgroup analyses, the significant association between IL-38 and CAC severity was observed only in older participants and in patients with established cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion: Although serum IL-38 levels were higher in patients with severe CAC, this association did not remain significant after adjustment for major cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the observed elevation may reflect age- or risk-related inflammatory changes rather than a direct role of IL-38 in calcification. So, this relationship remains unclear. Further investigation is needed to clarify the potential context-dependent function of IL-38 in atherosclerosis progression. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Atherosclerosis؛ Biomarker؛ Coronary artery calcification؛ Inflammation؛ Interleukin-38 | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 26 |
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