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Mesgar, Ali, Mohammadi, Amin, Hossein Talaee, Parviz. (1404). Medical Discourses in the Naseri Era: The Political Institution’s Approach to the Cholera Epidemic; Examination of Four Manuscripts. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(1), 51-70. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.105242.1268
Ali Mesgar; Amin Mohammadi; Parviz Hossein Talaee. "Medical Discourses in the Naseri Era: The Political Institution’s Approach to the Cholera Epidemic; Examination of Four Manuscripts". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15, 1, 1404, 51-70. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.105242.1268
Mesgar, Ali, Mohammadi, Amin, Hossein Talaee, Parviz. (1404). 'Medical Discourses in the Naseri Era: The Political Institution’s Approach to the Cholera Epidemic; Examination of Four Manuscripts', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(1), pp. 51-70. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.105242.1268
Mesgar, Ali, Mohammadi, Amin, Hossein Talaee, Parviz. Medical Discourses in the Naseri Era: The Political Institution’s Approach to the Cholera Epidemic; Examination of Four Manuscripts. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1404; 15(1): 51-70. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.105242.1268

Medical Discourses in the Naseri Era: The Political Institution’s Approach to the Cholera Epidemic; Examination of Four Manuscripts

Journal of Research on History of Medicine
دوره 15، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 2026، صفحه 51-70    اصل مقاله (2.16 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Article
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/rhm.2025.105242.1268
نویسندگان
Ali Mesgar* 1؛ Amin Mohammadi2؛ Parviz Hossein Talaee3
1Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of Mazandaran, Iran
2Graduate in History and researcher at the National Library and Archives Organization, Tehran, Iran
3Associate Professor, Department of History, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
چکیده
Employing Michel Foucault’s conceptual framework of governmentality and comparing four different manuscripts, this study seeks to demonstrate how the Qajar state established, reconstructed, and reproduced medical knowledge during this period through various strategies and discursive practices.1 Instrumental and structural rationality necessitated the simultaneous application of modern medicine, due to its efficiency and efficacy, alongside traditional medicine, to retain and align those faithful to Iranian and Islamic teachings.
Contrary to the common perception that medical modernization solely involved adopting modern medicine while limiting traditional practices, the Qajar state’s strategy—particularly during the Naseri era—was to utilize the advantages of both medical systems concurrently to address the calamity and the ensuing social and economic damage.
The innovation of the present study lies in illustrating how state techniques sought to sustain and reconstruct their existence. Previous research has suggested that the emergence of an exceptional situation caused by the cholera epidemic and other diseases not only resulted in the manifestation of the state in its modern form and meaning but also led to increased state intervention. However, the state’s involvement was not limited to the adoption of new tools in health matters; it also perpetuated and maintained traditional methods due to their functionality and acceptance among believers in such practices.

تازه های تحقیق

Ali Mesgar (Google Scholar)

کلیدواژه‌ها
Iran؛ Qajar State؛ Medical Modernization؛ Traditional Medicine؛ Cholera؛ Governmentality
مراجع
  1. A Treatise on Cholera, 1846. Translated by M.H. Qajar. [Manuscript] No.5-10735. Held at: Tehran: National Library and Archives of Iran.
  2. Abbasi, I., et al., 2022. Governmentality and the Transition from Legal Perspectives to the State. Journal of Legal Studies, 4(1), pp. 183-224.
  3. A’in al-Saltanah, G.M., 1895. Diary of Memories. Edited by M. Salour and I. Afshar. Vol. 1. Tehran: Asatir Publications.
  4. Afshar, M.H., 1853. Treatise on the Treatment of Cholera. [Manuscript] No. 10349. Held at: Tehran: National Library and Archives of Iran.
  5. E’temad al-Saltaneh, M.H.Kh. 1988. History of Nasserid Era. Edited by M.E. Rezvani. Vol. 3. Tehran: Donyaye Ketab Publishing.
  6. Foucault, M., 2011. The Birth of Biopolitics. Translated by R. Najafzadeh. 1st Ed. Tehran: Ney Publishing.
  7. Haq-Nazr Hakimbashi, 1875. Treatise on Solving the Riddle. [Manuscript] No. 5-7308. Tehran: National Library and Archives of Iran.
  8. Hedin, S., 2023. Iran in the Nasserid Era. Translated by V. Saberi-Niya. Tehran: Payam Azadi Publications.
  9. Heydari, A., 2019. Iranian Adjustments: Governmentality and the Rise of the Modern State in Iran. Iranian Sociology Journal, 19(1), pp. 126-148.
  10. Jahangir Mirza, 2005. History of the New Era. Tehran: Elm Publishing.
  11. Kasraei, M.S., et al., 2011. Foucault, Governmentality, the Political Subject, and Political Action. Journal of Historical Sociology, 3(2), pp. 1-34.
  12. Khormoji, M.J., 1965. History of the Qajar Dynasty, Haqqaiqal-Akhbar Nasiri. Edited by H. Khadiv Jam. Vol. 2. Tehran: Zawar Publishing.
  13. Laleh, H., and Vafary, R., 2006. The History of Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine in the Qajar Era. Humanities Journal, 60, pp. 131-165.
  14. Lashkari Tafreshi, E., 2020. Cognitive Consequences of the Concept of Governmentality in Cultural Geography. Quarterly Journal of Geographical Research, 36(3), pp. 333-340.
  15. Mahboubi Ardakani, H., 1989. History of Modern Civilizational Institutions in Iran. Vol. 1. Tehran: Tehran University Press.
  16. Mahmoud Mo’tamed al-Hokama, 1892. Cholera Booklet. [Manuscript] No. 66-19211. Held at: Tehran: National Library and Archives of Iran.
  17. Smart, B., 2006. Michel Foucault. Translated by L.J. Afshani and H. Chavoshian. Tehran: Akhteran Publications.
  18. Vaqāyeʿ-e Etefāqiyeh Newspaper, 1852–1853 CE. Tehran: Dār al-Ṭabāʿeh-ye Dowlatī.
  19. Vincent, A., 1992. Theories of the State. Translated by H. Bashirieh. Tehran: Ney Publishing.
  20. Yahyavi, H., 2017. The New Pragmatism: Critique of Governmental Rationalities in Iran. Quarterly Journal of State Studies, Faculty of Law and Political Science, 3(10), pp. 1-32.
  21. Zamani Ganjbakhsh, M., 2010. Health Transformations in the Late Qajar Era (According to Documents). Quarterly Journal of Medical History, 2(2), pp. 145-171.
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