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Karimi, Mehrdad, Hasheminejad, Seyed Abbas, Ahansazan, Hamed. (1404). Waqf, Health, and Education in Iran and the Ottoman Empire. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 14(Suppl. 1), 91-94. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.51271
Mehrdad Karimi; Seyed Abbas Hasheminejad; Hamed Ahansazan. "Waqf, Health, and Education in Iran and the Ottoman Empire". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 14, Suppl. 1, 1404, 91-94. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.51271
Karimi, Mehrdad, Hasheminejad, Seyed Abbas, Ahansazan, Hamed. (1404). 'Waqf, Health, and Education in Iran and the Ottoman Empire', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 14(Suppl. 1), pp. 91-94. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.51271
Karimi, Mehrdad, Hasheminejad, Seyed Abbas, Ahansazan, Hamed. Waqf, Health, and Education in Iran and the Ottoman Empire. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1404; 14(Suppl. 1): 91-94. doi: 10.30476/rhm.2025.51271

Waqf, Health, and Education in Iran and the Ottoman Empire

Journal of Research on History of Medicine
دوره 14، Suppl. 1، دی 2025، صفحه 91-94    اصل مقاله (886.38 K)
نوع مقاله: Conference Paper
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30476/rhm.2025.51271
نویسندگان
Mehrdad Karimi* 1، 2؛ Seyed Abbas Hasheminejad2؛ Hamed Ahansazan2
1Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2Department of History of Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
چکیده
A review of credible academic sources and historical documents reveals that waqf served as a fundamental socio-economic mechanism that facilitated the establishment, funding, and sustainability of hospitals and medical schools in Iran and the Ottoman Empire. While both empires used waqf to create self-sufficient and sustainable healthcare infrastructure, significant differences exist in the scale of the institutions and the roles of key patrons. The Ottoman system, exemplified by the grand Süleymaniye Complex and the prominent involvement of court women as waqf patrons, highlights a more centralized and bureaucratic approach. In contrast, Iranian examples from the Ilkhanate (1256-1356 C.E.) period to the Qajar (1796-1925 C.E.) era reflect remarkable initiatives that were often less centralized, driven by powerful viziers and individual benefactors. This study underscores that waqf was not merely a charitable act, but a dynamic and vital institution for social and scientific advancement. It ensured the continuity of medical services and educational activities, independent of the political and economic fluctuations of governments.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Waqf؛ History of Medicine؛ Medical Education؛ Iran؛ Ottoman Empire
مراجع
  1. Fazlallah Hamadani, R., 1977. Waqf-nameh Rab’-e Rashidi. Edited by M. Minoui and I. Afshar. Tehran: Osveh.
  2. Gunergun, F., Otker, S., and Ebrahimnejad, H., 2015. The Role of Waqf in the Development of Hospital and Medical Education Institutions in the Ottoman Empire and 19th-Century Iran. Translated by I. Nabipour and E. Nabipour. Bushehr: Bushehr University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
  3. Montazer Ghaem, A., Hosseini, S., and Azimi, K., 2012. The Waqf System in Islamic Hospitals from the Beginning until the Start of the Ottoman Empire. Tarikh-e Islam, 13(52), pp. 183-213.
  4. Sayedzadeh Motlagh, S., 2011. A Study of the Waqf Institution and Its Function from the Period of Nasser al-Din Shah to the End of the Qajar Era in Tehran. MA Thesis. Islamic Azad University.
  5. Shavandi, K., Kamranifar, A. and Barani, M., 2020. The Role and Status of Court Women in the Waqf System of the Ottoman Empire from the Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent to the End of the Reign of Abdul Hamid II. Pazhooheshnameh-ye Tarikh, 15(60), pp. 2-29.
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