LinkedIn

 آمار

تعداد نشریات20
تعداد شماره‌ها1,226
تعداد مقالات11,167
تعداد مشاهده مقاله77,173,477
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله101,393,227
Vafapour, Hassan, Mortazavi, Seyed Mohammad Javad. (1404). Neutron Attenuation and Mechanical Properties of Lithium-Cadmium Oxide-Polyester Resin Composites for Space Applications. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(5), 411-422. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2507-1956
Hassan Vafapour; Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi. "Neutron Attenuation and Mechanical Properties of Lithium-Cadmium Oxide-Polyester Resin Composites for Space Applications". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15, 5, 1404, 411-422. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2507-1956
Vafapour, Hassan, Mortazavi, Seyed Mohammad Javad. (1404). 'Neutron Attenuation and Mechanical Properties of Lithium-Cadmium Oxide-Polyester Resin Composites for Space Applications', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 15(5), pp. 411-422. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2507-1956
Vafapour, Hassan, Mortazavi, Seyed Mohammad Javad. Neutron Attenuation and Mechanical Properties of Lithium-Cadmium Oxide-Polyester Resin Composites for Space Applications. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1404; 15(5): 411-422. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2507-1956

Neutron Attenuation and Mechanical Properties of Lithium-Cadmium Oxide-Polyester Resin Composites for Space Applications

Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering
دوره 15، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 1، دی 2025، صفحه 411-422    اصل مقاله (1.63 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Research
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2507-1956
نویسندگان
Hassan Vafapour1؛ Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi* 1، 2
1Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
2Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده
Background: Long-duration space missions expose astronauts to hazardous radiation, including Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) and Solar Particle Events (SPEs), producing secondary neutrons that penetrate spacecraft. Traditional aluminum shielding is inefficient and generates secondary particles, necessitating lightweight, multifunctional composites for effective radiation protection.
Objective: This study aims to optimize neutron shielding composites using Cadmium (Cd) and Lithium (Li) compounds within an Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPS) matrix, targeting maximum attenuation of fast and thermal neutrons, validated through both experimental measurements and Geant4 simulations, while assessing mechanical properties for spacecraft use.
Material and Methods: This study combined experimental and simulation methods. Seven composites, each with 90 weight percentage (wt%) UPS and 10 wt% Cd and Li compounds (LiOH or LiBr), were synthesized. Neutron attenuation was tested using a 239Pu–Be source, measuring thermal (<0.5 eV) and fast (>0.5 MeV) neutron fluxes. Mechanical properties were evaluated via nanoindentation, with Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations providing comparative data.
Results: The Cd₅_LiOH₅ composite achieved 92.35% thermal neutron attenuation (99.65% simulated) at 25 mm, while Cd₂.₅_LiOH₇.₅ exhibited 36.2% fast neutron attenuation (38.7% simulated) at 25 mm. Simulations demonstrated strong agreement with experiments across most composites, with relative differences generally below 10%, except for thin samples or materials with heterogeneous filler distribution. The Cd₂.₅_LiBr₇.₅ composite showed superior hardness (0.10 GPa) and modulus (0.7 GPa). 
Conclusion: UPS-based composites with Cd and Li offer effective neutron shielding and enhanced mechanical properties, validated by Geant4 simulations. These materials are promising for radiation protection in deep space missions.

تازه های تحقیق

Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi (Google Scholar)

کلیدواژه‌ها
Radiation Protection؛ Composites؛ Neutrons؛ Polyester Resin؛ Cadmium؛ Lithium Compounds؛ Space Research
مراجع
  1. Scott JM, Dolan LB, Norton L, Charles JB, Jones LW. Multisystem Toxicity in Cancer: Lessons from NASA’s Countermeasures Program. 2019;179(5):1003-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.024. PubMed PMID: 31730844. PubMed PMCID: PMC7380275.
  2. Thirsk RB. Health care for deep space explorers. Ann ICRP. 2020;49(1_suppl):182-4. doi: 10.1177/0146645320935288. PubMed PMID: 32734760.
  3. Smart DF, Shea MA. Comment on estimating the solar proton environment that may affect Mars missions. Adv Space Res. 2003;31(1):45-50. doi: 10.1016/s0273-1177(02)00655-5. PubMed PMID: 12577924.
  4. Badavi FF, Adams DO, Wilson JW. On the validity of the aluminum equivalent approximation in space radiation shielding applications. Advances in Space Research (ASR). 2010;46(6):719-27. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2010.04.006.
  5. Badavi F, Adams D, Wilson J. Validity of the aluminum equivalent approximation in space radiation shielding. In: 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems; Barcelona, Spain: AIAA; 2010. p. 6184.
  6. Straume T. Space radiation effects on crew during and after deep space missions. Curr Pathobiol Rep. 2018;6(3):167-75. doi: 10.1007/s40139-018-0175-9.
  7. Wilson JW, Clowdsley MS, Shinn JL, Singleterry RC, Tripathi RK, Cucinotta FA, et al. Neutrons in space: shield models and design issues. International Conference on Environmental Systems; SAE Technical Paper; 2000.
  8. Vonach H, Pavlik A, Wallner A, Drosg M, Haight RC, Drake DM, Chiba S. Spallation reactions in 27 Al and 56 Fe induced by 800 MeV protons. Physical Review C. 1997;55(5):2458. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.55.2458.
  9. Restier-Verlet J, El-Nachef L, Ferlazzo ML, Al-Choboq J, Granzotto A, Bouchet A, Foray N. Radiation on Earth or in Space: What Does It Change? Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(7):3739. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073739. PubMed PMID: 33916740. PubMed PMCID: PMC8038356.
  10. Sukegawa AM, Anayama Y, Ohnishi S, Sakurai S, Kaminaga A, Okuno K. Development of flexible neutron-shielding resin as an additional shielding material. J Nucl Sci Technol. 2011;48(4):585-90. doi: 10.1080/18811248.2011.9711737.
  11. Chai H, Tang X, Ni M, Chen F, Zhang Y, Chen D, Qiu Y. Preparation and properties of flexible flame-retardant neutron shielding material based on methyl vinyl silicone rubber. J Nucl Mater. 2015;464:210-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.04.048.
  12. Chen HB, Ao YY, Liu D, Song HT, Shen P. Novel neutron shielding alginate based aerogel with extremely low flammability. Ind Eng Chem Res. 2017;56(30):8563-7. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01999.
  13. Park JJ, Hong SM, Lee MK, Rhee CK, Rhee WH. Enhancement in the microstructure and neutron shielding efficiency of sandwich type of 6061Al–B4C composite material via hot isostatic pressing. Nuclear Engineering and Design. 2015;282:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.10.020.
  14. Sajith TA, Praveen KM, Thomas S, Ahmad Z, Kalarikkal N, Dhanani C, Maria HJ. Effect of HAF carbon black on curing, mechanical, thermal and neutron shielding properties of natural rubber-Low-density polyethylene composites. Progress in Nuclear Energy. 2021;141:103940. doi: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103940.
  15. Liu WS, Changlai SP, Pan LK, Tseng HC, Chen CY. Thermal neutron fluence in a treatment room with a Varian linear accelerator at a medical university hospital. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 2011;80(9):917-22. doi: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.03.022.
  16. Harrison C, Weaver S, Bertelsen C, Burgett E, Hertel N, Grulke E. Polyethylene/boron nitride composites for space radiation shielding. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 2008;109(4):2529-38. doi: 10.1002/app.27949.
  17. Almisned G, Günoğlu K, Özkavak HV, Baykal DS, Tekin HO, Karpuz N, Akkurt I. An investigation on gamma-ray and neutron attenuation properties of multi-layered Al/B4C composite. Mater Today Commun. 2023;36:106813. doi: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.106813.
  18. Abdo AE. Calculation of the cross-sections for fast neutrons and gamma-rays in concrete shields. Ann Nucl Energy. 2002;29(16):1977-88. doi: 10.1016/S0306-4549(02)00019-1.
  19. Moradgholi J, Mortazavi SM. Developing a radiation shield and investigating the mechanical properties of polyethylene-polyester/CdO bilayer composite. Ceramics International. 2022;48(4):5246-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.11.065.
  20. Sakurai Y, Sasaki A, Kobayashi T. Development of neutron shielding material using metathesis-polymer matrix. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A. 2004;522(3):455-61. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.420.
  21. Tijani S, Al-Hadeethi Y. The use of isophthalic-bismuth polymer composites as radiation shielding barriers in nuclear medicine. Mater Res Express. 2019;6(5):055323. doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab0578.
  22. Tiwari A, Natarajan S, editors. Applied nanoindentation in advanced materials. John Wiley & Sons; 2017.
  23. Oliver WC, Pharr GM. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. Journal of Materials Research (JMR). 1992;7(6):1564-83. doi: 10.1557/JMR.1992.1564.
  24. Neitzel I, Mochalin V, Knoke I, Palmese GR, Gogotsi Y. Mechanical properties of epoxy composites with high contents of nanodiamond. Composites Science and Technology. 2011;71(5):710-6. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.01.016.
  25. Koumoulos E, Konstantopoulos G, Charitidis C. Applying machine learning to nanoindentation data of (nano-) enhanced composites. 2019;8(1):3. doi: 10.3390/fib8010003.
  26. Çavuş V, Mengeloğlu F. Utilization of synthetic based mineral filler in wood plastics composite. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering. 2016;77(2):57-63. doi: 10.5604/17348412.1230098.
  27. Agostinelli S, Allison J, Amako KA, Apostolakis J, Araujo H, Arce P, et al. Geant4—a simulation toolkit. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A. 2003;506(3):250-303. doi: 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8.
  28. Allison J, Amako K, Apostolakis J, Arce P, Asai M, Aso T, et al. Recent developments in Geant4. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A. 2016;835:186-225. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125.
  29. Fogtman A, Baatout S, Baselet B, Berger T, Hellweg CE, Jiggens P, et al. Towards sustainable human space exploration—priorities for radiation research to quantify and mitigate radiation risks. NPJ Microgravity. 2023;9(1):8. doi: 10.1038/s41526-023-00262-7.
  30. Luoni F, Boscolo D, Fiore G, Bocchini L, Horst F, Reidel C-A, et al. Dose attenuation in innovative shielding materials for radiation protection in space: measurements and simulations. Radiation Research. 2022;198(2):107-19. doi: 10.1667/RADE-22-00147.1.
  31. Martinez LM, Kingston J. Space radiation analysis: Radiation effects and particle interaction outside the earth’s magnetosphere using GRAS and GEANT4. Acta Astronaut. 2012;72:156-64. doi: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2011.09.001.
  32. Loffredo F, Vardaci E, Bianco D, Di Nitto A, Quarto M. Protons interaction with Nomex target: Secondary Radiation from a Monte Carlo simulation with Geant4. Appl Sci. 2022;12(5):2643. doi: 10.3390/app12052643.
  33. Backis A, Al Jebali R, Fissum K, Bentley P, Hall-Wilton R, Kanaki K, et al. General considerations for effective thermal neutron shielding in detector applications. EPJ Techn Instrum. 2022;9(1):8. doi: 10.1140/epjti/s40485-022-00083-0.
  34. Alabsy MT, Elzaher MA. Radiation shielding performance of metal oxides/EPDM rubber composites using Geant4 simulation and computational study. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):7744. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-34615-9.
  35. Fischer V, Pagani L, Pickard L, Couture A, Gardiner S, Grant C, et al. Measurement of the neutron capture cross section on argon. Physical Review D. 2019;99(10):103021. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.99.103021.
  36. Vafapour H, Rafiepour P, Moradgholi J, Mortazavi S. Evaluating the biological impact of shelters on astronaut health during different solar particle events: a Geant4-DNA simulation study. Radiat Environ Biophys. 2025;64(1):137-50. doi: 10.1007/s00411-025-01111-9. PubMed PMID: 39873783.
  37. Akhdar H, Alotaibi R. Geant4 Simulation of the Effect of Different Composites on Polyimide Photon and Neutron Shielding Properties. Polymers (Basel). 2023;15(8):1973. doi: 10.3390/polym15081973. PubMed PMID: 37112120. PubMed PMCID: PMC10145152.
  38. Isazadeh F, Abdi Saray A. A comparative Monte Carlo simulation study on shielding features of the CaF2-CaO-B2O3-P2O5-SrO-Ta2O5 glass system against X-ray by GEANT4 and MCNPX codes. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):13588. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64096-3. PubMed PMID: 38866863. PubMed PMCID: PMC11169505.
  39. Zebardast V, Saray AA. Experimental, simulation, and theoretical measurements of the shielding properties of the polyester/PbO polymer composite against gamma-ray radiations. Appl Radiat Isot. 2025;225:111954. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.111954. PubMed PMID: 40482542.
  40. Safari A, Rafie P, Taeb S, Najafi M, Mortazavi SMJ. Development of Lead-Free Materials for Radiation Shielding in Medical Settings: A Review. J Biomed Phys Eng. 2024;14(3):229-44. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2404-1742. PubMed PMID: 39027711. PubMed PMCID: PMC11252547.
  41. Mortazavi SMJ, Bevelacqua JJ, Rafiepour P, Sina S, Moradgholi J, Mortazavi SAR, Welsh JS. Lead-free, multilayered, and nanosized radiation shields in medical applications, industrial, and space research. In: Verma S, Srivastava AK, editors. Advanced Radiation Shielding Materials. Elsevier; 2024. p. 305-22.
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 137
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 121


سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب