The Lived Experiences of Family Caregivers in Caring for Older Adults at Risk of Falls: A Phenomenological Study

1.    Central Bureau of Statistics. Elderly population statistics 2023. Jakarta: Central Bureau of Statistics; 2023. [Cited 20 May 2025]. Available from: https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2023/12/29/5d308763ac29278dd5860fad/statistik-penduduk-lanjut-usia-2023.html [In Indonesian]
2.    The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Older Adult Falls. US: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2024. [Cited 20 May 2025]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/falls/data-research/index.html
3.    Salari N, Darvishi N, Ahmadipanah M, et al. Global prevalence of falls in the older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopedic Surgery and Research. 2022;17:334.
4.    Vo MTH, Thonglor R, Moncatar TJR, et al. Fear of falling and associated factors among older adults in Southeast Asia: a systematic review. Public Health. 2023;222:215-28. 
5.    Xiao C, Patrician PA, Montgomery AP, et al. Filial piety and older adult caregiving among Chinese and Chinese-American families in the United States: a concept analysis. BMC Nursing. 2024;23:115.
6.    Ding TYG, De Roza JG, Chan CY, et al. Factors associated with family caregiver burden among frail older persons with multimorbidity. BMC Geriatrics. 2022;22:160.
7.    Hopewell S, Adedire O, Copsey BJ, et al. Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018;7:CD012221. 
8.    Hailu GN, Abdelkader M, Asfaw F, et al. Exploring the knowledge and skills for effective family caregiving in elderly home care: a qualitative study. BMC Geriatrics. 2024;24:342.
9.    Campani D, Caristia S, Amariglio A, et al. Home and environmental hazards modification for fall prevention among the elderly. Public Health Nursing. 2021;38:493-501.
10.    Dalvand H, Setoudeh H, Namazi Shabestari A, et al. The effectiveness of home modifications on the risk of falling in older adults with dementia: A randomized clinical trial. British Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2024;87:6-14. 
11.    Neller SA, Hebdon MT, Wickens E, et al. Family caregiver experiences and needs across health conditions, relationships, and the lifespan: a Qualitative analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. 2024;19:2296694.
12.    Qutoshi SB. Phenomenology: A Philosophy and Method of Inquiry. Journal of Education and Educational Developement. 2018;5:215. 
13.    Creswell JW, Poth CN. Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. 4th ed. California: SAGE Publications; 2018.
14.    Colaizzi PF. Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it. In: Valle RS, King M. Existential-phenomenological alternatives for psychology. New York: Oxford University Press; 1978. p. 48-71.
15.    Polit DF, Beck CT. Essentials of nursing research: appraising evidence for nursing practice. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2021.
16.    Ahmed SK. The pillars of trustworthiness in qualitative research. Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health. 2024;2:100051.
17.    O’Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, et al. Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research: a synthesis of recommendations. Academic Medicine. 2014;89:1245-51. 
18.    Tang HT, Vu HM, Tang HT, T et al. Knowledge, attitude and practice on fall risk factors and prevention among rural older community-dwellers in Vietnam. PLoS One. 2023;18:e0295119.
19.    Ang SGM, Saunders R, Siah CJR, et al. Factors associated with family carers’ fall concern: Prospective study protocol. Collegian. 2023;30:647-52.
20.    Hoffman GJ, Shuman CJ, Montie M, et al. Caregivers’ views of older adult fall risk and prevention during hospital-to-home transitions. Applied Nursing Research. 2019;47:10-5.
21.    Montero-Odasso M, Van Der Velde N, Martin FC, et al. World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative. Age and Ageing. 2022;51:afac205.
22.    Kim GS, Park MK, Lee JJ, et al. Situational and environmental risk factors associated with home falls among community-dwelling older adults: Visualization of disparities between actual and perceived risks. Geriatric Nursing. 2025;62:221-8.
23.    Bongelli R, Busilacchi G, Pacifico A, et al. Caregiving burden, social support, and psychological well-being among family caregivers of older Italians: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health. 2024;12:1474967.
24.    Teng L, Wang D, Zhou Z, et al. Associations among frailty status, hypertension, and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2023;11:11-7.
25.    Jiang H, Yuan H, Tee S, et al. Perspectives and experiences of community-dwelling older adults who experience falling: A qualitative meta-synthesis. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2024;11:276-85. 
26.    Stacey M. The Experiences of Older Adults Labeled as a High Fall Risk: A Generic Qualitative Inquiry. Journal of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology. 2022;8:128. 
27.    White CL, Barrera A, Turner S, et al. Family caregivers’ perceptions and experiences of participating in the learning skills together intervention to build self-efficacy for providing complex care. Geriatric Nursing. 2022;45:198-204. 
28.    Lu X, Park NK, Ahrentzen S. Lighting Effects on Older Adults’ Visual and Nonvisual Performance: A Systematic Review. Journal of Housing for the Elderly. 2019;33:298-324.
29.    World Health Organization. Progress report on the United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing, 2021-2023. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023. 
30.    van der Velde N, Seppala LJ, Herrero AC, et al. Falls prevention in community-dwelling older adults and implementation of world falls guidelines: a call for action across Europe by the European Geriatric Medicine Society Special Interest Group on Falls and Fractures. European Geriatric Medicine. 2025. [online]
31.    Shao L, Shi Y, Xie XY, et al. Incidence and Risk Factors of Falls Among Older People in Nursing Homes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2023;24:1708-17. 
32.    Jarden RJ, Cherry K, Sparham E, et al. Inpatients’ experiences of falls: A qualitative meta‐synthesis. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2025;81:4-19. 
33.    Costa‐Menén MÀ, Gimeno‐Pi I, Martin‐Servet G, et al. Facilitators and barriers in the implementation of a fall prevention program based on physical activity for elderly people living in the community: A qualitative study. Public Health Nursing. 2024;41:1425-35.
34.    Pantong U, Trapero I, Jareaprapal U. Analysis and prevention of falls among community‐dwelling older adults in southern Thailand. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2024;80:2121-36.
35.    Do NM, Tolos C. Empowering Fall Prevention Through Integrated Lifestyle Medicine Strategies-From Recognition of Fall Risks to Implementation of Prevention of Falls for all in Practice. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2025. [online]