Amanat, S, Mazloomi, S M, Asadimehr, H, Sadeghi, F, Shekouhi, F, Mortazavi, S M J. (1399). Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Lactobacillus Casei Exposed to Wi-Fi Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Show Enhanced Growth and Lactic Acid Production. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 10(6), 745-750. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1056
S Amanat; S M Mazloomi; H Asadimehr; F Sadeghi; F Shekouhi; S M J Mortazavi. "Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Lactobacillus Casei Exposed to Wi-Fi Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Show Enhanced Growth and Lactic Acid Production". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 10, 6, 1399, 745-750. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1056
Amanat, S, Mazloomi, S M, Asadimehr, H, Sadeghi, F, Shekouhi, F, Mortazavi, S M J. (1399). 'Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Lactobacillus Casei Exposed to Wi-Fi Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Show Enhanced Growth and Lactic Acid Production', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 10(6), pp. 745-750. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1056
Amanat, S, Mazloomi, S M, Asadimehr, H, Sadeghi, F, Shekouhi, F, Mortazavi, S M J. Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Lactobacillus Casei Exposed to Wi-Fi Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Show Enhanced Growth and Lactic Acid Production. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1399; 10(6): 745-750. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1056
Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Lactobacillus Casei Exposed to Wi-Fi Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Show Enhanced Growth and Lactic Acid Production
1MSc, Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
2PhD, Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3BSc, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
4MSc, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
5MSc, Department of Medical Physics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
6PhD, Department of Medical Physics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
7PhD, Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
چکیده
Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei are gram-positive probiotics and members of the genus Lactobacillus. These bacteria are widely applicable in food and dairy industries. Increasing bacterial load and decreasing fermentation time make them more profitable for manufacturers. Objective: This study was aimed at assessing the biological effects of short-term exposure of L. acidophilus and L. casei to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) generated by a Wi-Fi router on the lactic acid production and proliferation of these probiotic bacteria. Material and Methods: This experimental study was performed on pure culture strains of L. acidophilus and L. casei, first direct vat sets (DVS) were activated in MRS broth for 24 hours then transferred to new culture mediums. Afterward, these mediums were exposed to RF-EMF for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The control samples were sham-exposed. After 72 hours of incubation on MRS agar cell counts were enumerated. Results: Exposure for 30, 45 and 60 minutes significantly increased the growth of L. acidophilus and L. casei. No difference was found between the growth of the samples exposed to RF-EMF for 15 minutes compared to that of sham-exposed bacteria. In addition, lactic acid concentration in L. acidophilus medium was amplified after 15, 30 and 45 minutes of exposure. However, in L. casei samples, only 30 and 60 min exposures could stimulate the production of lactic acid. Conclusion: L. acidophilus and L. casei probiotic bacteria exposed for a short time to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMF) generated by a widely used commercial Wi-Fi router show significantly increased proliferation and lactic acid production.
FAO/WHO. Health and Nutrition Properties of Probiotics in Food including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotics in Food including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria; Córdoba, Argentina: FAO/WHO; 2001. p. 1-4.
Iqbal MZ, Qadir MI, Hussain T, Janbaz KH, Khan YH, Ahmad B. Probiotics and their beneficial effects against various diseases. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2014;27(2):405-415. PubMed PMID: 24577933.
Baroutkoub A, Mehdi RZ, Beglarian R, Hassan J, Zahra S, Mohammad MS. Effects of probiotic yoghurt consumption on the serum cholesterol levels in hypercholestromic cases in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Sci Res Essays. 2010;5(16):2206-9.
Mohammadi Sartang M, Mazloomi SM, Tanideh N, Rezaian Zadeh A. The effects of probiotic soymilk fortified with omega-3 on blood glucose, lipid profile, haematological and oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters in streptozotocin nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Res. 2015. doi: 10.1155/2015/696372. PubMed PMID: 26347893. PubMed PMCID: PMC4548139.
Kechagia M, Basoulis D, Konstantopoulou S, Dimitriadi D, Gyftopoulou K, Skarmoutsou N, et al. Health benefits of probiotics: a review. ISRN Nutrition. 2013. doi: 10.5402/2013/481651. PubMed PMID: 24959545. PubMed PMCID: PMC4045285.
Dholiya K, Patel D, Kothari V. Effect of low power microwave on microbial growth, enzyme activity, and aflatoxin production. Res in Biotech. 2012;3(4):28-34.
Kushwah P, Mishra T, Kothar V. Effect of Microwave Radiation on Growth, Enzyme Activity (Amylase and Pectinase), and/or Exopolysaccharide Production in Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus mutans, Xanthomonas campestris and Pectobacterium carotovora. Int J Microbiol Res. 2013:645-653. doi: 10.9734/BMRJ/2013/5036.
Grundler W, Keilmann F, Putterlik V, Strube D. Resonant-like dependence of yeast growth rate on microwave frequencies. Br J Cancer. 1982;5:206. PubMed PMID: 7039651. PubMed PMCID: PMC2149285.
Vrhovac I, Hrascan R, Franekic J. Effect of 905 MHz microwave radiation on colony growth of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains FF18733, FF1481 and D7. Radiol Oncol. 2010;44(2):131-4. doi: 10.2478/v10019-010-0019-7. PubMed PMID: 22933904. PubMed PMCID: PMC3423682.
Taylor KA. A simple colorimetric assay for muramic acid and lactic acid. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 1996;56(1):49-58. doi: 10.1007/BF02787869.
Raval S, Chaudhari V, Gosai H, Kothari V. Effect of low power microwave radiation on pigment production in bacteria. Microbiol Res. 2014;5(1). doi: 10.4081/mr.2014.5511.
Fang Y, Hu J, Xiong S, Zhao S. Effect of low-dose microwave radiation on Aspergillus parasiticus. Food Control. 2011;22(7):1078-84. doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.01.004.
Kang Y, Kato S. Thermal and non-thermal germicidal effects of microwave radiation on microbial agents. Indoor Built Environ. 2014;23(8):1080-91. doi: 10.1177/1420326X13490180.
Grundler W, Keilmann F, Fröhlich H. Resonant growth rate response of yeast cells irradiated by weak microwaves. Phys lett A. 1977;62(6):463-6. doi: 10.1016/0375-9601(77)90696-X.
Ahmed LT, Majeed AD, Shaima’a AS. The effect of mobile waves on the growth of pathogenic fungi. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2015;4:838-842.
Diem E, Schwarz C, Adlkofer F, Jahn O, Rüdiger H. Non-thermal DNA breakage by mobile-phone radiation (1800MHz) in human fibroblasts and in transformed GFSH-R17 rat granulosa cells in vitro. MRGTEM. 2005;583(2):178-83. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.03.006. PubMed PMID: 15869902.
Shamis Y, Taube A, Mitik-Dineva N, Croft R, Crawford RJ, Ivanova EP. Specific electromagnetic effects of microwave radiation on Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2011;77(9):3017-22. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01899-10. PubMed PMID: 21378041. PubMed PMCID: PMC3126418.
Cohen I, Cahan R, Shani G, Cohen E, Abramovich A. Effect of 99 GHz continuous millimeter wave electro-magnetic radiation on E. coli viability and metabolic activity. Int J Radiat Biol. 2010;86(5):390-9. doi: 10.3109/09553000903567912. PubMed PMID: 20397844.
Calabrò E, Condello S, Currò M, Ferlazzo N, et al. Modulation of heat shock protein response in SH-SY5Y by mobile phone microwaves. World J Biol Chem. 2012;3(2):34-40. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v3.i2.34. PubMed PMID: 22371824. PubMed PMCID: PMC3286792.
Lin H, Chen X, Yu L, Xu W, Wang P, Zhang X, et al. Screening of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains mutated by microwave irradiation for increased lactic acid production. Afr J Microbiol Res. 2012;6(31):6055-65. doi: 10.5897/AJMR12.434.
Taheri M, Mortazavi SMJ, Moradi M, Mansouri S, Nouri F, et al. Klebsiella pneumonia, a Microorganism that Approves the Non-linear Responses to Antibiotics and Window Theory after Exposure to Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz Electromagnetic Radiofrequency Radiation. J Biomed Phys Eng. 2015;5(3):115. PubMed PMID: 26396967. PubMed PMCID: PMC4576872.
Carta R, Desogus F. Possible non-thermal microwave effects on the growth rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus. Int Rev Chem Eng. 2012;4(4):392-8.